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Approved strains of phytopathogenic Rhizobium species (formerly Agrobacterium species)

In the case of the genus Agrobacterium, which comprises crown gall bacteria and hairy root bacteria, the genus and species have been artificially defined based on pathogenic characters. For some species of the genus, several biovars, equivalent to the rank of variety level, have been established. Recently, based on the results of polyphasic taxonomic approaches, it was proposed that each biovar should be elevated to the species level (Sawada et al., 1993; Ophel and Kerr, 1990), and that the genera Agrobacterium and Rhizobium should be amalgamated into one single genus Rhizobium (Young et al., 2001). Taking these changes in the taxonomic situation into consideration, strains belonging to the phytopathogenic Rhizobium species (formerly Agrobacterium species) preserved in the NARO Genebank were re-identified based on phylogenetic analyses using 16S rDNA, atpD, glnA and recA, inoculation tests, PCR assays and so on, and some of them with typical characters for each species/pathogenic state/genomovar were selected as the approved strains (reference strains for taxonomic studies). In addition, for every host plant, we chose pathogenic strains that were proved to harbor Ti or Ri plasmids, as the approved strains (reference strains for inoculation tests).

Literatures:
Hiroyuki Sawada (2014). Studies on the classification and evolution of phytopathogenic bacteria of the genera Agrobacterium and Pseudomonas. J. Gen. Plant Pathol. 80: 519-522.
Hiroyuki Sawada, Fukuhiro Yamasaki, Masaru Takeya, Takayuki Aoki (2014). Changing situation relevant to the taxonomy of phytopathogenic Rhizobium species and their re-identification in NIAS Genebank. Microbiol. Cult. Coll. 30: 13-27. [in Japanese with English abstract]
Young JM, Kuykendall LD, Martinez-Romero E, Kerr A, Sawada H (2001). A revision of Rhizobium Frank 1889, with an emended description of the genus, and the inclusion of all species of Agrobacterium Conn 1942 and Allorhizobium undicola de Lajudie et al. 1998 as new combinations: Rhizobium radiobacter, R. rhizogenes, R. rubi, R. undicola and R. vitis. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 51: 89-103.
Sawada H, Ieki H, Oyaizu H, Matsumoto S (1993). Proposal for rejection of Agrobacterium tumefaciens and revised descriptions for the genus Agrobacterium and for Agrobacterium radiobacter and Agrobacterium rhizogenes. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 43: 694-702.
Ophel K, Kerr A (1990). Agrobacterium vitis sp. nov. for strains of Agrobacterium biovar 3 from grapevines. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 40: 236-241.
Approved strains of phytopathogenic Rhizobium species (reference strains for taxonomic studies)
MAFF No.Scientific Name (Pathogenic State)GenomovarGene RegionsDistribution
301276Rhizobium radiobacter (Ti)G116S atpD glnA recAOrder
301224Rhizobium radiobacter (Ti)G116S atpD glnA recAOrder
301001Rhizobium radiobacter (Ti)G416S atpD glnA recAOrder
211863Rhizobium radiobacter (Ti)G416S atpD glnA recAOrder
302378Rhizobium radiobacter (Ti)G816S atpD glnA recAOrder
212033Rhizobium radiobacter (Ri)G716S atpD glnA recAOrder
301724Rhizobium radiobacter (Ri)G716S atpD glnA recAOrder
212029Rhizobium radiobacter (Ri)G916S atpD glnA recAOrder
210265Rhizobium radiobacter (Ri)G916S atpD glnA recAOrder
311303Rhizobium radiobacter (nonpathogenic)G116S atpD glnA recAOrder
520014Rhizobium radiobacter (nonpathogenic)G916S atpD glnA recAOrder
211729Rhizobium rhizogenes (Ti)―16S atpD glnA recAOrder
211728Rhizobium rhizogenes (Ti)―16S atpD glnA recAOrder
663001Rhizobium vitis (Ti)―16S atpD glnA recAOrder
663007Rhizobium vitis (Ti)―16S atpD glnA recAOrder
211942Rhizobium vitis (Ti)―16S glnA recAOrder
211908Rhizobium vitis (Ti)―16S atpD glnA recAOrder
  • *1 Typical strains that represent individual species/pathogenic state/genomovars, were selected as the approved strains, and listed with relevant information.
  • *2 Genomovars are ranked equivalent to variety level in R. radiobacter.
Approved strains of phytopathogenic Rhizobium species (reference strains for inoculation tests)
MAFF No.Scientific Name (Pathogenic State)Host PlantGene RegionsDistribution
211866Rhizobium radiobacter (Ti)Apple16S atpD glnA recAOrder
211865Rhizobium rhizogenes (Ti)Apple16S atpD glnA recAOrder
302556Rhizobium radiobacter (Ti)Aster16S atpD glnA recAOrder
302563Rhizobium rhizogenes (Ti)Baby's breath16S atpD glnA recAOrder
301001Rhizobium radiobacter (Ti)Cherry (Sakura)16S atpD glnA recAOrder
211736Rhizobium rhizogenes (Ti)Cherry (Sakura)16S atpD glnA recAOrder
302338Rhizobium radiobacter (Ti)China aster16S atpD glnA recAOrder
302558Rhizobium radiobacter (Ti)Common cosmos16S atpD glnA recAOrder
301276Rhizobium radiobacter (Ti)Florist chrysanthemum16S atpD glnA recAOrder
302378Rhizobium radiobacter (Ti)Florist chrysanthemum16S atpD glnA recAOrder
211728Rhizobium rhizogenes (Ti)Japanese pear, Sand pear16S atpD glnA recAOrder
663002Rhizobium rhizogenes (Ti)Japanese pear, Sand pear16S atpD glnA recAOrder
211729Rhizobium rhizogenes (Ti)Japanese plum16S atpD glnA recAOrder
211730Rhizobium rhizogenes (Ti)Japanese plum16S atpD glnA recAOrder
211950Rhizobium vitis (Ti)Kiwi fruit, Chinese gooseberry16S atpD glnA recAOrder
211951Rhizobium vitis (Ti)Kiwi fruit, Chinese gooseberry16S atpD glnA recAOrder
301222Rhizobium radiobacter (Ti)Marguerite16S atpD glnA recAOrder
663003Rhizobium rhizogenes (Ti)Peach16S atpD glnA recAOrder
211710Rhizobium rhizogenes (Ti)Peach16S atpD glnA recAOrder
301224Rhizobium radiobacter (Ti)Rose16S atpD glnA recAOrder
663018Rhizobium rhizogenes (Ti)Rose16S atpD glnA recAOrder
211706Rhizobium rhizogenes (Ti)Rose16S atpD glnA recAOrder
211872Rhizobium radiobacter (Ti)Solidago16S atpD glnA recAOrder
211863Rhizobium radiobacter (Ti)Sweet cherry16S atpD glnA recAOrder
211731Rhizobium rhizogenes (Ti)Sweet cherry16S atpD glnA recAOrder
211735Rhizobium rhizogenes (Ti)Sweet cherry16S atpD glnA recAOrder
663001Rhizobium vitis (Ti)Vitis16S atpD glnA recAOrder
663007Rhizobium vitis (Ti)Vitis16S atpD glnA recAOrder
301724Rhizobium radiobacter (Ri)Melon16S atpD glnA recAOrder
210265Rhizobium radiobacter (Ri)Melon16S atpD glnA recAOrder
212029Rhizobium radiobacter (Ri)Tomato16S atpD glnA recAOrder
212033Rhizobium radiobacter (Ri)Tomato16S atpD glnA recAOrder
  • *1 For every host plant, pathogenic strains that were proved to harbor Ti or Ri plasmids, were selected as the approved strains, and listed with relevant information.
  • *2 In cases where R. radiobacter (Ti) and R. rhizogenes (Ti) were both obtained from one host plant, approved strains were selected from each of the species.